0.1 From Object to Field

The relationship between these two elements stresses the importance of interlock and interaction of field conditions in architecture. It is about developing and understanding a relationship between structure and nature rather than developing individual shapes, Allen explains: “Overall shape and extent are highly fluid and less important than the internal relationships of parts” (2). Unity and connection are what should drive urban development and understanding and “determine the behavior of the field.”

0.2 Geometric vs. Algebraic Combination

“Processional” and “non-directional” combine in a marriage of geometric, intuitive design, and intentional, mathematical composition. Relationships are geometric and must rely on each other in order for a hierarchical order to be achieved. Like the Great Mosque of Cordoba, Spain, conscious additions can be made over time to create a thoughtful whole that is mathematically pure while still holding true to the influence of humanity over time. 

0.3 Walking Out of Cubism

Cubism, through its limitations, made way for the minimalist movement in American design. Minimalism emphasized architectural simplicity and purity of form and character while seeking to challenge preconceived notions of decorated European design. The abandonment of cubism  forced a more sophisticated development of design through the removal of unnecessary or distracting elements.

0.4 Thick 2D: Moires, Mats

Grids and fields can interact in a figure ground composition. This relationship can be complex, forcing character and unique formations to emerge from these important interactions. Though complex and seemingly unpredictable, the relationships formed through superimposing moires follow analytical and mathematical laws that create intensity and gain cultural value while spurring vertical growth. 

0.5 Flocks, Schools, Swarms, Crowds

Varying levels of unpredictability arise from the natural order of these groups. Flocks and schools tend to follow certain patterns and interactions, random but operating as a collective of individuals. Crowds and swarms are brought together through the individual, chaotic motivations and interactions that are both “liberating as well as confining, angry and destructive as well as joyous” (10). The unity of chaos creates a cacophony that is essential to life and in that way, predictable and beautiful.