Origins of Hellenistic Deification

Published on: Author: chancem@uoregon.edu

According to White, the notion of divine kingship entered the Greek culture after the death of Alexander the Great in 342 BCE. The Egyptians long before had looked at their kings as gods, and when Alexander the Great conquered his way into the land of Egypt, he took on the idea of the Egyptians and crowned himself as a god and pharaoh. After his death, the people of Hellenistic cultures began to take on the same idea of divine kingship. This idea was a major change from the cultural view of Greek kingship before Alexander the Great. Before the idea of divine kingship, Greeks viewed their kings not as gods, but as men until they died, after which they then became divine. Plutarch also shows a movement toward the idea of deification in his writing On Isis and Osiris.The myth originally started out as the myth of Isis and Sarapis. This Egyptian myth highlighted the idea of kings taking on attributes of the gods. This myth then became a sort of cult and spread through Greek culture under the influence of Eleusinian tradition. The myth was then Hellenized and Sarapis was renamed Osiris. Regardless of the Hellenization, the myth was still very Eleusinian influenced, and Plutarch even admitted to borrowing the myth from the Eleusinians. This is just another example of how this idea of deification began to spread throughout Greek culture.