Organic Pesticides

After taking about the controversy initiated by Rachel Carson over the exploitation of DDT and other synthetic insecticides, I became curious about current pesticide use in farming. The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) released a document showing both the US and world market for all pesticide use for 2006 and 2007. The cumulative amount of money spent world wide for both years was $75,257,000,000 with the US contributing 33%. Agriculture is the main use for pesticides and total pounds of pesticide use for agriculture decreased approximately 7% from 2000 to 2007. Having said that, 877 million pounds of pesticides are still being used in agricultural practices.

It is important to discern between different types of pesticides as they have varying levels of toxicity. Organophosphates are particularly dangerous as they act as a neurotoxin and effect brain function. These types of pesticides are also on the decline, however, 33 million pounds are still being used annually and levels of organophosphates are still detected in food and the bodies of most humans.

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Biosemiotics Lecture

To be quite honest, there were many portions of the biosemiotics lecture that I did not understand, however, from what I could take away, it seemed to be an interesting, yet controversial field.  Biosemiotics in general is the study of signs and communicating factors that interplay between life forms. Interactions between both animals and plants have been described as the result of some form of this communication. The evolution and development of the cell is thought to have occurred in a biosemiotic fashion. Personally, the formation of a single cell can and will be forever debated as it is a topic in which variability and uncertainty reign as dominating factors. Another point that was made was the signs and communication between plants and trees of a forest and how that influences growth of the forest as a whole. Biosemiotics claims that similar amounts of carbon is stored in trees of the same forest. This is due to the fact that some form of communication, via signs or other intangible signals, between the trees allows the to remain is similar biotic stages. This is an interesting idea, however, one might argue that trees of the same area have similar life stages because they have been growing under the same environmental conditions and similar time frames. Here is a link on biosemiotics if you’re interested.

 

http://home.comcast.net/~sharov/biosem/geninfo.html

Darwin’s Mankind

I find creation myths or stories relating to the creation of mankind to be interesting. The origin of man and even more so, man’s purpose on earth, is the single most desired question to be answered. Due to my interest in creation, as well as having a background in evolution, I tend to read books such as Darwin’s Origin of Species, and other biologically based stories with a certain attention to creation themes.

 

Darwin’s encounters on the HMS Beagle helped lay the foundation for biology, particularly ideas about evolution and the diversification of species. Through reading Darwin’s work, I find two themes that contradict the stories of Genesis as well as most religions in general. Darwin’s ideas on evolution via natural selection gives a strong case for the plethora of species present in our world today. Darwin’s logic is that humans are the descent of a long evolutionary line that is continuous and infinite. Keeping along with this idea, humans are just another evolved animal, just as a whale is thought to be an evolved form of a wolf. This claims that humans are equal to animals, as they share similar ancestors and lineage. Genesis claims that humans were made in the image and likeness of God and as a result, gained dominion over the animals. These two views on mankind, both Genesis and Darwin, seem to contradict each other in there description of the hierarchy of man.

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The River of Life

Link

I would like to talk about a short passage from Walden, written by Henry David Thoreau. At the tail end of the chapter “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For”, Thoreau talks about the relevance of time and the value of intellect as we see it. I gave my first attempt at close reading on my own and this is what I came up with.

In the beginning of the paragraph, Thoreau starts by writing, “Time is but the stream I go a-fishing in.” Thoreau compares our perception of time to the flowing water of a stream, unidirectional and never repeating itself. Each glance at the moving water in a stream offers a unique visual image that can be recalled from our memory, but never duplicated exactly. Similarly, our perception of time causes continual change which prevents us from recreating the past, forcing us to rely on memories to revisit those past moments.

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Destined to Work

Everyone seems to be well aware of the environmental crisis that is present all around us. While acknowledging over harvesting of the land and increasing pollution as being major contributors, it has become almost unambiguous that humans are at the center of these environment issues.  As our population is approaching an unsustainable level, we have caught ourselves in a perpetuating cycle of exploiting our environment. Mankind has worked hard and contributed thousands of years of labor in developing and reaping from nature. As the book of Genesis shows, this labor of the land began in the very beginning of life on earth.

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