The author Dissanayake, E(1990) in the reading “What is art for?” creates the word”paleoanthropsychobiological”. He states that it can be suggested several things. First, is the idea of “human history”. Second,he claims that “it include all human societies”.Third, he points out that it accounts for the fact that art is a psychological or emotional need and has psychological or emotional effects.”(Page 15)

The author Dissanayake, E(1990):”I claim, is also the behavior or propensity to’make special.’ particularly things that one cares deeply about or activities whose outcome has strong personal significance.”  The author states a special example to explain the relationship between “make special” and how to be a survival.   To be “special” is a significance way for animals to protect them self because “not all animals can tell the difference between the ordinary or routine and the extraordinary or unusual.” However, the human beings had unique abilities such as :”intelligence, resourcefulness, emotional and mental complexity.” When they face possible danger, they will use those abilities to find a better way to solve it which is why those people can be survivals. (Page 22)

At the beginning of the article, the author first points out that the word “art” in early treatise from Greek and medieval times is the same as the word “techne”, which is including some traditional activities such as fishing. He said that “It means having a correct understanding of the principles involved.” (page16)At that time ,art is defined by the real actions rather than an abstract word because art is born of our daily life in the beginning. It is unlike the fresh air—we can’t touch it  but feel it. It is just like our actions, people should be involved it first, and then they can understand the principles of art. Second he talked about in medieval times, “the arts were in the service of religion.” However, the artists focus on man-centered instead of God-centered concerns in Renaissance.  It means that people are more concerned about analyse themselves’ emotional spirit rather than just focus on religions.  By the eighteenth century, with the development of technology, a new kind of period start to show up in front of people. The “romantic Rebellions”. the author also use an example to explain it:” while individualism became possible and people could be freed from tradition, custom and authority, they also became more alienated from their work and from other people.”(Page 17) It means that the people start to liberate themselves from the constrains of social life. Art is  not only considered a activities or actions, but also considered to be an art work ,which can demonstrates the intelligent and emotional of people. After that ,in the mid-twentieth century, a new type of art abstract expressionism is created by a artists, especially some American artists. At that time, the modernist artists tend to focus on the art works which are adapted by the society. If the art gallery can sell an art work, this art work might probably can be called a real art work at the period. It is why there are some wonderful art works are ignored by people just because the art gallery can not understand their values.

Dissanayake, E. (1991). What is art for? In K. C. Caroll (Ed.). Keynote adresses 1991 (NAEA Convention), (pp.15-26). Reston, VA: National Art Education Association