Team 6, Question 1

Americans after World War II sought refuge in Christianity. The majority of the population was Christian during that time and Congress even changed the Pledge of Allegiance and the motto of the country to incorporate God. Christianity was pivotal for Americans in order to return to the “normality’s” of life because it was “polite, white, respected, and community-oriented” (Jacobsen 202). Protestantism was most mainstream among the Americans do to its locations in prime downtown and suburban areas. Catholics remained in their own ethic neighborhoods but Judo-Christian’s is what they were called by society. Once mainline Protestantism hit the baby boomers generation support began to fall and Evangelicalism took its place at the top. Evangelicalism is currently the largest religious movement in America. The reason why Evangelicalism has risen to the top is mainly due to Pentecostalism and the distinct difference between spirituality and religion in Americans. Religion is viewed as the rules and dogmas used to control people where as spirituality is from within oneself being real and unique. Both Pentecostalism and spirituality are hand in hand with each other explaining why both are so popular.

 

Freedom is the foundation on which America stands. There has always been religious freedom for white Christians but it took until the Civil Rights movement to get religious freedom to everybody and every religion. Americans have had the choice of what they want to believe in but when a group starts spiritual bullying to their cause they are labeled as a cult. But since the Waco Texas incident more caution has been used for labeling groups as cults. The freedom of religion has molded the Americans Christians to where they are now. Being able to choose opened multiple options and added to the diversity of thoughts and ideas about Christianity. Although it is good to chose what one wants to believe nowadays people are unsure what to even call themselves or just blend to religious identities together like Buddhist-Christian.

 

If I were to create a “super Christianity” I would balance the individualistic influence Western Christianity has with the communal influence African and Asian Christianity have. I would stay along both Protestantism and Pentecostalism because I believe Protestantism can blend well with modernism and secularism where as Pentecostalism focuses on the experience one has. The balance between rational logical thinking and ones experience is very important. Ultimately though I would have love be the main focus. If a genuine love was done in everything a person did the world would be a peaceful place.

Team 6, Question 3

The modern evangelical movement does not take kindly to the secular life Americans are living and was seen as unmoral. The movement’s roots came from the ideas of the Fundamentalists in the early twentieth century. Shading away being called Fundamentalists, Evangelical Christians held the same principles and viewed “secular humanism pervaded all [the] aspects of American life, and that it was especially insidious and prevalent in the political environment” (Maurer 66). Originally the Evangelicals kept their distance from politics since it was “dirty” but in the late 1970’s that completely changed. A popular Evangelical Jerry Falwell, founder of the organization Moral Majority teamed up with Ronald Reagan and the Conservative Republicans in effort to bring American back to being a Christian nation. The Evangelicals wanted to end the secular views of pro-choice, homosexuality being accepted, feminism, and wanted to instill prayer back into the school system (Maurer 67).

Jerry Falwell see’s America as being lead astray from the Bible by the secular society and states, “We need to call America back to God, back to the Bible, and back to moral sanity” (Falwell 144). In order to combat the humanists in America, Falwell created a nonpartisan political organization named, Moral Majority. Falwell claims to support the separation of church and state but he dives into politics to implement his views of religion into the government by using morality as the issue. Moral Majority is framed to be pro-life, pro-traditional family, supporting equal rights for women, oppose illegal drug traffic, ERA and pornography.

The presentation of both Fundamentalism and Evangelicalism by Falwell is about working together for “a great revival of true Christianity in America” (Falwell 152). Falwell describes what is it to be a Fundamentalists along with their weakness of being pessimistic and by sitting on the sidelines with the countries politics and social life. He then notes how the Fundamentalists are helpful to the Evangelicals because they can preach the Bible with authority and conviction (Falwell 150). Next, Falwell goes into the Evangelical Movement and praises the good things that have come from it. With the praises come the areas of weakness too, by saying the Evangelicals need to stop worrying what the world thinks of them. Falwell does an excellent job in displaying the strengths and weakness and ties it up well with joining forces to continue the American revivalism. He points out that they have the same principles and secular people already see them as the same so why not work together in “turn[ing] America back to God” (Falwell 151).

Team 6: Williams, Question 3

John Wesley studied at Oxford as an Anglican Priest during his college career. He was asked to go to Savannah, Georgia by Governor Oglethorpe to be a pastor for the Native Americans. On his journey, the boat got caught in a storm and the near death experience made Wesley question why he was so afraid and selfish and the Moravians were not. The experience made Wesley wonder if he was a good Christian. Once back in England, Peter Boehler a Moravian became his advisor and encouraged Wesley to preaching faith until he reached it himself. On May 24, 1738 Wesley heard a reading from Martin Luther’s preface to the Epistle to the Romans and Christ’s salvation was in him. Wesley was acquainted with Pietism through the Moravians. He then used what he had learned from the Moravians but in an Anglican way to guide his spiritual life and missionary work. Just like in Pietism, Wesley gave people the experience of the spirit by putting them in groups to discuss the Bible.

Wesley understands the phrase “children of God” as those who believe that all that is written in the scriptures to be true. When one believes the scriptures to be true the Spirit of God is in the person as an inner voice or “experience”. Knowing the doctrine is important but so is living it as well.

Methodism believes that “all scripture is given by the inspiration of God”, God’s word can be conveyed with common words and does not need to be fancy, actions and customs that are not part of the word of God are not followed. What differs Methodism from Catholicism is that Methodism is free from all the worldly rules that Catholicism deems, as traditions so must be followed. Also, the Pope does not have any power in Methodism only God has the power. People were attracted to this kind of Christianity because it involved them as individuals within a group and/or community. Being able to be a class leader was not just for the wealthy or educated or men but for all.

Wesley sees God and Jesus Christ as perfect because they have no sin. In order for humans to get a sense of perfection they must be washed of their sin. Wesley points out that in 1 John it talks about the blood of Jesus washing away one’s sins not at judgment day but in present time. People were probably drawn to this idea because they sensed a need to be perfect like Christ and wanted to get to heaven. What better way to get to heaven if one is in a sense “perfect”?

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