Evolving a Healthier Worm: Microfluidics, Pharyngeal Pumping, and Experimental Evolution in C. elegans

Presenter: Kelley Williams

Faculty Mentor: Stephen Banse, Patrick Phillips

Presentation Type: Poster 89

Primary Research Area: Science

Major: Biochemistry

Although C. elegans is a popular model for lifespan research, study of genetic and pharmacological interventions that specifically alter healthspan, the length of time an animal stays healthy, is less thorough. We therefore propose to study nematode healthspan using the decline in rhythmic activity of the feeding organ (pharynx) as a selection metric for experimental evolution. To facilitate this project, we are developing three assay platforms based on three microfluidic chips. The first two assay platforms are lower throughput, higher resolution measures of pharyngeal health, while the third is a higher-throughput assay designed for experimental evolution. The first microfluidic device, the “electropharyngeogram chip”, allows us to quantify age-related declines in pharyngeal electrical activity. This approach shows the expected changes in pump frequency and prolonged health of known longevity mutants, as well as shows novel changes in pump patterning. The second device, the “feeding chip”, is designed to provide tight temporal control of food exposure while imaging feeding animals. It also will enable measurements of grinder (chewing) and peristalsis (swallowing) efficiency. The third device, the higher-throughput “sorter chip”, was designed for separating males from females, but now allows automated and programmable selection of high performing individuals from ~2000 animals per hour as measured by ingestion rates. We will present the developmental work for all three devices and for the methods with which we use them, as well as the intellectual framework in which we are using these devices to evolve a worm that stays healthier, longer.

Body Image Concerns are Associated with Compulsive Exercise Behavior in African American Men

Presenter(s): Isaac Leve − Education Foundations

Co Presenter(s): Gina Williamson, Claire Guidinger, Sophia-kate Brockie, Rae Fitzpatrick

Faculty Mentor(s): Nichole Kelly

Poster 89

Research Area: Health Psychology

According to extant research, body image concerns are generally lower among African American men relative to their Caucasian peers. However, qualitative data suggest that athleticism and physical strength are defining characteristics of being a successful African American man. As such, men who do not fit these ideals may experience body image concerns and engage in excessive exercise to obtain an athletic physique, particularly if they internalize these appearance ideals. The current study examined the associations among body image concerns, internalization of appearance ideals, and compulsive exercise in 255 young African American men (18-30y, Mage = 23.72y). Participants completed an online survey and reported on body image concerns (Revised Male Body Image Attitudes Scale); internalization of appearance ideals (Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4); compulsive exercise beliefs and behaviors (Exercise Dependence Scale); and general demographic characteristics. Linear regression models were conducted, controlling for income, education, presence of a psychiatric diagnosis, and body mass index. Body image concerns were positively associated with compulsive exercise (p
< .001); internalization of appearance ideals did not moderate this association. However, internalization of appearance ideals demonstrated a positive association with excessive exercise (ps < .001). These findings suggest that body image concerns and internalization of appearance ideals are independently associated with excessive exercise symptoms in African American men, but that they do not function jointly to exacerbate these symptoms. Prospective research is needed to determine if body image concerns and internalization of body ideals represent unique risk factors for compulsive exercise symptoms in African American men.