Tag: Poster: 137

Cranial Morphometric Analysis on Pygathrix nemaeus and Pygrathrix cinerea

Presenter(s): Carly Pate − Anthropology

Faculty Mentor(s): Larry Ulibarri, Frances White, Stephen Frost

Poster 137

Research Area: Anthropology

This study analyzes cranial morphometric distinction between Pygathrix species. Endangered Pygathrix nemaeus and Critically Endangered Pygathrix cinerea are endemic to Southeast Asia. They are threatened with extinction due to hunting and habitat fragmentation. While generally understudied, osteological analysis on these species are also uncommon due to lack of specimen collections or accessibility. Although their ranges partially overlap, it is possible to distinguish species based on genotypic and phenotypic pelage differences. However, distinctions of skeletal morphology have not been quantified. Pygathrix phylogeny has been debated, with a recent cranial morphometric analysis showing no distinction between species detected through linear measures. Using 3D photogrammetric methods and linear measures, cranial data was collected on an osteological collection of confiscated and captive red-shanked doucs, P. nemaeus, (n=43) and grey-shanked doucs, P. cinerea, (n=23), from the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam. Five linear cranial measures indicate no sexual dimorphism between P. cinerea males and females, (n=24, n=19) or between P. nemaeus males and females, (n=17, n=6). One linear measure, anterior foramen magnum to the superior most point on sagittal suture, allowed distinction between species among males, (F 4.37, P<0.05) and among females, (F 10.06, P <0.05). These results indicate a cranial morphometric variation among species. Further 3D shape analysis will continue to explore this distinguishability. Intra- and interspecies variation analyzed morphometrically by 3D photogrammetry can aid in understanding the impacts of species- specific factors such as social structure and feeding ecology on cranial morphological variation.

Problematic Policing? A Comprehensive Study of Police Training Methods Within the State of Oregon

Presenter(s): Emma Adams

Faculty Mentor(s): Matthew Norton

Poster: 137

Session: Social Sciences & Humanities

As the issue of police violence has evolved to become a mainstream topic of concern for the American people with the rise of technology and social media, there is a consistent gap between leading causes of the use of excessive force employed by American police officers, and effects seen and felt by the general public. Existing research fails to explore how this problem has festered into an increasingly relevant social issue, through a lack of exploration in police training methods. Using qualitative methods, this research explores the relationship between police training methods within the state of Oregon, at both the state and local level, and police to community relations within multiple cities. Through an interview process, this research suggests progressive practices employed by Oregon police departments, including additional training methods surrounding implicit bias, create an alternative and idealistic platform to base American policing training procedures around across the United States. As individual interviews suggest, police officers within the state of Oregon believe inclusive and modernized training procedures are necessary to combat the negative image of the police as an institution within the United States, in both opening conversation around community diversity, and in turn fostering improved community relationships between the police and the cities they serve. Taking into consideration the implementation of the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing Report within Oregon police departments, this research is significant as it provides a comprehensive study of multiple police departments as individual and autonomous units within the institution of the American police, and suggests a sense of accountability and advancement felt within an institution that has notoriously lacked both in current research.