Investigation of Individual Characteristics that Influence Parent Emotion Regulation in PCIT

Presenter: Sarah Romack – Psychology

Faculty Mentor(s): Elizabeth Skowron

Session: (In-Person) Poster Presentation

Child maltreatment is a substantial public health issue that creates emotional and psychological impacts on victims and is related to emotion regulation deficits in caregivers. Although Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is effective at reducing child-maltreating behavior and improving positive parenting strategies, little research has been conducted on how it strengthens parents’ emotion regulation skills in the process. To address this, the current study utilized a behavioral measure of parent emotion regulation (the Emotional Go/No-Go task) to identify subgroups of 88 child welfare- involved parents receiving PCIT whose emotion regulation skills changed the most across treatment. An exploratory analysis was then conducted to identify pre-treatment predictors of change in parent emotion regulation scores. Measures of parent stress, readiness for change, mental health (specifically depression and anxiety measures), and child behavioral scores were measured. Parent mental health and readiness for change were found to significantly predict high levels of change in parents’ emotion regulation skills. Analyzing the factors that differentiate at-risk parents’ response to PCIT treatment, particularly in terms of their emotion regulation skills, is vital in the current efforts to provide effective interventions and better understand how to match individual parents to effective treatments that will hinder child maltreatment.

How Experience Gets Under The Skin: An Examination Of Potential Correlation Between Childhood Adversity And Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia

Presenter(s): Fiona Byrne − Family And Human Services

Faculty Mentor(s): Elizabeth Skowron, Shoshana Kerewsky

Oral Session 1S

Research Area: Psychology/Humanities

Exposure to adversity in childhood is shown to be a significant risk factor for negative physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood. What remains to be explored is the impact of adverse childhood experiences on emotional regulation as measured by parasympathetic nervous system activity via respiratory sinus arrhythmia. The present study examines the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences Survey (ACES) scores and resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) within a population of 65 child maltreating (CM) adult female caregivers. ACE scores were collected through a standardized self report survey. RSA was collected through electrocardiogram leads while participants were seated watching a neutral video. No significant correlation was found within the total population. However, results are encouraging for further study with a larger population, which would allow for an examination of potential correlation by socioeconomic status, number of adverse childhood experiences, and education level attained, to learn more about how early adversity can impact health and behavioral outcomes.