Arius and the Nicene Creed

Published on: Author: tbarbast@uoregon.edu 138 Comments

Theological issues are a part of history of Christianity. Since Jesus, theological matters divide christian community. And these theological issues result in divisions since the early christianity. Remember Paul who wanted to accept gentile into jewish christian community, this problem led to the separation. From a persecuted group at the beginning of the fourth century to the official religion of the roman empire at the end of the century, theological disagreements became more and more violent. “The Roman Emperor was thought to be responsible for the stability of the Empire and the purity of orthodox belief” so winning a theological debate meant obtaining privileges, prestige, etc. At this time, the main issue was about what we called “The Trinity”. They debated about the subordination of the Son to the Father. The viewpoint of Arius was that “the Word of God, who was enfleshed in Jesus, was subordinate to or less than the father”. So for him and his followers, they were neither eternal nor equal to the Father. It’s called “the Arian Controversy” or ‘The Trinitarian Controversy”.

As I said it before, at this time theological issues was going on and the repercussions of defeat could be hard. So the opponents had to be very persuasive, they had to show that they had right, the right vision of the sacred texts and they had to explain why they were right. If they were not, they could lost some privileges, prestige and they might be excommunicate and for people who believed in salvation and damnation, it is the worst punishment. He introduces himself as “the elect of God, God’s sage servants”. He is a true believer and he was chosen by God himself so he knows the truth, the only truth. Moreover he wrote “I learned these things from participants in wisdom (…) In their steps came I, stepping with the same opinions”. So he introduces a new idea. He says clearly, that what he will say after, it will be the truth. He doesn’t say his own opinion but the truth who was revealed by God himself. That is why his words are peremptory because it is the truth. And when he wrote “We call him Unbegotten because of the one in nature begotten”, it is not a participation to the theological debate but these words are like commandments. They came from God. So his manner to introduce himself will affect the reading of the rest of the poem because his words will be more than words, they will be commandments.

Arius is very clear about his view about God, the son and their relationship. When he said “He has nothing proper to God in his essential property, for neither is he equal nor yet consubstantial with him” or “The Unity was, but the duality was not, before he existed”, he means that the duality was not before the birth of the God’s Son. So God is the only one, he is the greatest of all. There is a hierarchy because the Son can’t exist without the Father.

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    • Because it is the truth, his statements have an air of absoluteness. His remarks, “We call him Unbegotten because of the one in nature begotten,” are not a contribution to theological argument so much as they are a set of mandates. phrazle

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