St Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican City is the first building that comes to mind to express power. In both the sense of political and religious power, the monumentality of the building is very prominent. Upon entering the space, visitors feel physically small in comparison to the power, control, and influence of the Pope. The immense amount of detail and ornament over every surface indicates that no expense was spared and this was the amount of resources that the Pope had available. This can be seen in the intricate mosaic floors, the paintings within the dome structures, and the marble wall panels that frame the many statues.

Main facade of St. Peter’s Basilica

 

The overall context of the building situates it as an expression of power as well. There is a long-standing tradition of a “parade route” for the comings and goings of the Pope, flowing through a majority of Rome. This route is specially marked and has key landmarks throughout it as well. Currently, the process of entering the basilica from the city of Rome is a long line that has multiple security points and attracts hundreds of people every day. When ceremonies occur, St Peter’s square fills with people looking up at the building for a chance to see the Pope. This relationship with the general public, of gathering and looking upon the building in awe, further elevates it as a location of power.

The painted and ornamented dome structures in St. Peter’s Basilica